The Name of the Rose · Lost philosophical work
The Second Book of the Poetics
also known as On Comedy; Aristotle's lost book on laughter
Aristotle
The genuinely lost second book of Aristotle's Poetics, dealing with comedy — reconstructed by Eco, hidden in a Benedictine library, and defended by a murderer who poisoned its pages.
This is the rarest category in the catalogue and the one worth watching for: a fictional book that fills a real hole. Aristotle did promise a second book on comedy. It is lost. Eco did not invent the absence — he only invented what went missing, which is a much harder and much more elegant trick than inventing a book outright.
It also gives the murder plot a motive that no invented heresy could match. Jorge is not protecting a secret; he is protecting a hierarchy. Comedy inverts things, and the man who can laugh at a demon has stopped being afraid of it. If Aristotle — the authority, the philosopher whose sentences settled arguments for four hundred years — is on record saying laughter is a legitimate subject of philosophy, then the argument is over and the fear economy collapses. That is a genuinely enormous thing to kill for, and Eco makes you believe it.
The poison is the detail that lifts the whole novel. It is not a booby trap laid for intruders. It is a filter. Only someone who reads greedily, licking a finger page after page, absorbs a fatal dose. The book is safe for anyone insufficiently interested in it.
On the readability rating. William reads and translates several passages aloud in the closing chapters — the definition of comedy, the argument about the ridiculous — before Jorge begins eating the pages. It is more text than most fictional books ever give up.
From the book
Laughter is weakness, corruption, the foolishness of our flesh. It is the peasant's entertainment, the drunkard's licence. Jorge of Burgos, The Name of the Rose, 1980
In-world history
The second book of the Poetics is genuinely lost — Aristotle promises a treatment of comedy in the surviving first book and it does not survive. Eco supplies it, bound into a Greek-Arabic composite codex in the finis Africae of an abbey library in northern Italy, and in the last pages of the novel both the book and the library burn.
Why it matters
Jorge of Burgos does not hide the book because it is heretical. He hides it because Aristotle's authority would make laughter respectable, and a philosophy that legitimises laughter dissolves fear, and the Church he serves is built on fear. He poisons the corner of each page so that anyone who licks a finger to turn it dies of their own curiosity. The book kills its readers by being read.
Appearances
- The Name of the Rose (1980) — Umberto Eco Il nome della rosa; the object at the centre of the murders
Connected volumes
- Related to The Septateuch · Discworld
Catalogue record
- Category
- Lost philosophical work
- World
- The Name of the Rose
- Language
- Greek, in an Arabic-bound codex
- First appearance
- Il nome della rosa, 1980
- Readability
- Quoted
Sources
- Umberto Eco, Il nome della rosa (Bompiani, 1980); English translation by William Weaver (Harcourt, 1983).
- Aristotle, Poetics 1449b, promising a discussion of comedy that does not survive; the Tractatus Coislinianus is the usual candidate for a summary of the lost material.
Added by house · last checked 2026-08-05